Kazakh-Qing relations in the Second Half of the 18th Century

In the 18th century, intensive economic and political relations were established between the Qing Empire and the Kazakhs. The relations not only influenced Kazakh society, but also deeply changed the political and ethno-cultural maps of the western frontier land of the Qing Empire. This talk will examine some aspects of the historical relations and their modern legacies, such as the emergence of the Qing territorial claim to the east and south of Balkash Lake (in modern Kazakhstan).